How to read a khatian, dag and mutation before you buy land
Short answer
A khatian is the land record that names the owner, a dag number identifies the exact plot, and mutation updates the record to the current owner. Before you buy, match the dag across the CS, SA, RS and BS khatians, confirm mutation and land tax, and see the originals.
What is a khatian?
The official record of who owns a piece of land. Different surveys produced the CS, SA, RS and BS khatians over the years.
What is a dag number?
The number that identifies one specific plot on the survey map. It must match across every record and in your deed.
What is mutation?
The update that records the current owner with the land office. Without it, the seller's ownership is not fully recorded.
Who should check the papers?
Ask the seller for originals, then have a qualified lawyer verify everything before you pay.